Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility in Business...

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2.0 INTRODUCTION TO CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY As a result of modern corporate scandals and rapid development of international business environments, social responsibility (SR) has become a key aspect of corporate competitive contexts. (Brammer, Williams and Zinkin, 2007). Businesses are under increasing pressure to incorporate SR amongst their profit-driven aims and have become increasingly accountable for their social and environmental actions. Increased interest in CSR developed in the mid 1990s as consumers began to lack their former trust in companies due to both environmental and financial scandals and it became noticeable that society was moving towards values incorporating harmony,†¦show more content†¦(Smith, 2003) The Body Shop International (BSI) can be described as a company that uses a strategy attempting to link its social and moral values with profit gains. (Beck Dudley Heartman, 1999) Founded in England in 1976 by Anita Roddick, BSI is a global manufacturer and retailer of more than 1,2000 beauty and cosmetic products sold in over 60 countries. (Body Shop International Values Report). Since its opening, BSI has received more attention regarding their ethical values compared to their product line and sales. However, the company’s stance to be ethical and community minded have been largely criticized by the public. (Entine, Utne, 1995). Some critics and theorists view Social responsibility as a mere profit gaining scheme as the statement of being ‘socially responsible’ and the implementation of it being completely separate entities. The need for international companies to be aware of social responsibility and corporate governance practices is of increasing importance in today’s society for economic, social, legal and technological reasons. 3.1 ECONOMIC Research has shown that the implementation of SR and CG practices can result in a increase in firm value. The Organisation for Economic Development state that corporate governance is one important factor in improving both economic efficiency and increasing shareholder confidence. A study by Cui et al (2007) showed that companies with better corporate governance structuresShow MoreRelatedAccountability Is An Essential Ingredient Of Corporate Governance1242 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Accountability is an essential ingredient of corporate governance, and indeed is the reason for any corporate governance set up. This paper discusses the ways in which accountability contributes to corporate governance and vice versa, and the mechanisms by which organizations may become more accountable and transparent. Corporate governance and accountability are often interrelated in organizations and provides a focus for business practices that promote fairness, ethical behavior, andRead MoreTransparency Is Key Aspect of Corporate Governance1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe boards of directors are responsible for the governance of their companies so there has to be transparency in company reporting. Transparency is key aspect of corporate governance because of implementing corporate governance this will allow stakeholders and shareholders to review and evaluate performance of management and the company this ensures that the board of directors and the executive directors of corporations act in the best interest of shareholders and the corporations. It is implementedRead MoreCorporate Governance And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1456 Words   |  6 Pages8 Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Learning Objectives In the wake of perusing this part, you will have the capacity to- â™ ¦ Define Corporate Governance and comprehend the expression partner â™ ¦ Explain different corporate administration activities in India and abroad â™ ¦ Understand Corporate Social Responsibility and the need and significance of being a Corporate Citizen â™ ¦ Explain the usage and rundown the advantages of Corporate Social Responsibility WhatRead More Corporate Governance and Ethics Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesit should not be done unethically and jeopardize the financial, social status as well as the reputation of the company, ultimately causing them to suffer in the end. There are systems put into place to avoid such acts that are generally overseen by the board of the directors of organization. In most companies the board of directors consists of shareholders or former employees of the company. Due to the recent scandals in corporate America many companies have acted quickly in actually implementingRead Morecorporate governance1590 Words   |  7 PagesSummary: Corporate governance is an essential part of modern company operations and management , it relates to business ethics, code of conduct and system to manage a company. However, there are many corporate scandals due to the failure of corporate governance. This report analyzes the corporate governance from multiple aspects. It is through the understanding the relationship between corporate governance and business ethics, evaluating the ASX principles as a guidelines to corporate governance and analyzingRead MoreEffective Governance And Sustainability : An Definition Of Sustainable Development1398 Words   |  6 PagesEffective governance and sustainability are increasingly important considerations for governments, organizations, business leaders, investors, consumers and many other stakeholders throughout the world. Good corporate governance and complexity of sustainable development demands for global cooperation, based mainly on joint co-ordination of strategies and adopting of the be st decisions. 1.1 Definition of sustainable Development: the term sustainable development was popularized in our common futureRead MoreThe Importance Of A Good Corporate Governance Framework1680 Words   |  7 Pageswhy a good corporate governance framework must incorporate stakeholder accountability. For the purpose of this paper, the term stakeholder governance will be used to incorporate all aspects of stakeholder accountability and engagement, that is; dialogue, decision making, transparent operations and implementation of solutions to common problems or goals. The first part of this paper will describe how the landscape has changed for business operations due to environmental, economic and social reasonsRead MoreMilton Friedman s Philosophy Of Corporate Responsibility1317 Words   |  6 PagesFriedman’s philosophy of corporate responsibility is that â€Å"social matters are not the concern of business people and that these problems should be resolved by the unfettered workings of the free market system†. As harsh as it may sound, what he mean course to say was that a business has â€Å"to make as much money as possible while conforming to basic rules of society†. Meanwhile, Archie Carroll’s philosophy states that a business has â€Å"four kinds of social responsibilities† that a firm must addressRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of India Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pages CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDIA â€Å"Crossing the Bridge from Knowing to doing† Jasleen Kaur Luthra* â€Å"Successful people have a social responsibility to make the world a better place and not just take from it.† Carie Underwood Abstract The 21st century is characterized by unprecedented challenges and opportunities, arising from globalization, the desire forRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr1232 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate social responsibility has become a buzzword within the industry in the last few years. Following the financial market crash investors and stakeholders began looking at corporations to act more socially responsible. The meaning of social responsibility differs across regions. Western countries are the ones who are pushing for corporate social responsibility -thesis-- A broad overview at corporate social responsibility (CSR) looks to corporations to make a change in the society or the environment

Essay on George Washingtons Pesidency - 1178 Words

George Washingtons Presidency George Washington is regarded as a natural leader and the father of our country. He was the first president under the Constitution, not the first president of the United States. From the very beginning, he came into a job full of problems and a mile long to-do list. He had to set up the Judiciary Branch, deal with uprisings and conflicts between the natives and the western settlers, and try to keep together a nation that was falling apart. He created a group of advisors (the cabinet) to help him with certain issues. He had a few things on his mind at the time such as: stay out of a war, build up revenue to pay off Revolutionary War debt, and try to make peace with England. Washington was a natural†¦show more content†¦The Judiciary Act of 1789 established a six member supreme court. It was comprised of one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices. It had jurisdiction over all civil actions between states, or between a state and the United States. Also in the act it created thirteen Judicial Districts. Within these Judicial Districts were circuit courts and district courts. After finishing the Judicial Branch, Washington finally got time to create the Executive Branch. The first offices created were the Secretary of the State, (headed by Thomas Jefferson) the Secretary of the Treasury, (headed by Alexander Hamilton) the Secretary of War, (headed by Henry Knox) the Postmaster General, (headed by Samuel Osgood) and the Attorney General (headed by Edmund Randolph). These offices became the backbone for the Presidential Cabinet. On July 27, 1789, Washington signed a bill into law reauthorizing an Executive Department of Foreign Affairs headed by a Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Washington was the major player to the creation of the United States Government under the constitution. He did more in his first months in office than any other president so far. He was the best man for the job and the only man. There is no way that anyone can do as much for the government as Washington did so. He did a great job of setting up other courts around the

Becomin a Dentist Assistant Free Essays

Dental assistants work closely with, and under the supervision of, dentists. (See the statement on dentists elsewhere in the Handbook. ) Assistants perform a variety of patient care, office, and laboratory duties. We will write a custom essay sample on Becomin a Dentist Assistant or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dental assistants should not be confused with dental hygienists, who are licensed to perform different clinical tasks. (See the statement on dental hygienists elsewhere in the Handbook. ) Dental assistants sterilize and disinfect instruments and equipment, prepare and lay out the instruments and materials required to treat each patient, and obtain patients’ dental records. Assistants make patients as comfortable as possible in the dental chair and prepare them for treatment. During dental procedures, assistants work alongside the dentist to provide assistance. They hand instruments and materials to dentists and keep patients’ mouths dry and clear by using suction or other devices. They also instruct patients on postoperative and general oral health care. Dental assistants may prepare materials for impressions and restorations, take dental x rays, and process x-ray film as directed by a dentist. They also may remove sutures, apply topical anesthetics to gums or cavity-preventive agents to teeth, remove excess cement used in the filling process, and place rubber dams on the teeth to isolate them for individual treatment. Some States are expanding dental assistants’ duties to include tasks such as coronal polishing and restorative dentistry functions for those assistants that meet specific training and experience requirements. Dental assistants with laboratory duties make casts of the teeth and mouth from impressions, clean and polish removable appliances, and make temporary crowns. Those with office duties schedule and confirm appointments, receive patients, keep treatment records, send bills, receive payments, and order dental supplies and materials. Work environment. Dental assistants work in a well-lighted, clean environment. Their work area usually is near the dental chair so that they can arrange instruments, materials, and medication and hand them to the dentist when needed. Dental assistants must wear gloves, masks, eyewear, and protective clothing to protect themselves and their patients from infectious diseases. Assistants also follow safety procedures to minimize the risks associated with the use of x-ray machines. About half of dental assistants have a 35- to 40-hour workweek. Most of the rest work part-time or have variable schedules. Depending on the hours of the dental office where they work, assistants may have to work on Saturdays or evenings. Some dental assistants hold multiple jobs by working at dental offices that are open on different days or scheduling their work at a second office around the hours they work at their primary office. Training, Other Qualifications, and Advancement [About this section] Back to Top Back to Top Many assistants learn their skills on the job, although an increasing number are trained in dental-assisting programs offered by community and junior colleges, trade schools, technical institutes, or the Armed Forces. Education and training. High school students interested in a career as a dental assistant should take courses in biology, chemistry, health, and office practices. For those wishing to pursue further education, the Commission on Dental Accreditation within the American Dental Association (ADA) approved 269 dental-assisting training programs in 2006. Programs include classroom, laboratory, and preclinical instruction in dental-assisting skills and related theory. In addition, students gain practical experience in dental schools, clinics, or dental offices. Most programs take 1 year or less to complete and lead to a certificate or diploma. Two-year programs offered in community and junior colleges lead to an associate degree. All programs require a high school diploma or its equivalent, and some require science or computer-related courses for admission. A number of private vocational schools offer 4- to 6-month courses in dental assisting, but the Commission on Dental Accreditation does not accredit these programs. A large number of dental assistants learn through on-the-job training. In these situations, the employing dentist or other dental assistants in the dental office teach the new assistant dental terminology, the names of the instruments, how to perform daily duties, how to interact with patients, and other things necessary to help keep the dental office running smoothly. While some things can be picked up easily, it may be a few months before new dental assistants are completely knowledgeable about their duties and comfortable doing all of their tasks without assistance. A period of on-the-job training is often required even for those that have completed a dental-assisting program or have some previous experience. Different dentists may have their own styles of doing things that need to be learned before an assistant can be comfortable working with them. Office-specific information, such as where files are kept, will need to be learned at each new job. Also, as dental technology changes, dental assistants need to stay familiar with the tools and procedures that they will be using or helping dentists to use. On-the-job training is often sufficient to keep assistants up-to-date on these matters. Licensure. Most States regulate the duties that dental assistants are allowed to perform. Some States require licensure or registration, which may include passing a written or practical examination. There are a variety of schools offering courses—approximately 10 to 12 months in length—that meet their State’s requirements. Other States require dental assistants to complete State-approved education courses of 4 to 12 hours in length. Some States offer registration of other dental assisting credentials with little or no education required. Some States require continuing education to maintain licensure or registration. A few States allow dental assistants to perform any function delegated to them by the dentist. Individual States have adopted different standards for dental assistants who perform certain advanced duties. In some States, for example, dental assistants who perform radiological procedures must complete additional training. Completion of the Radiation Health and Safety examination offered by Dental Assisting National Board (DANB) meets the standards in more than 30 States. Some States require completion of a State-approved course in radiology as well. Certification and other qualifications. Certification is available through the Dental Assisting National Board (DANB) and is recognized or required in more than 30 States. Certification is an acknowledgment of an assistant’s qualifications and professional competence and may be an asset when one is seeking employment. Candidates may qualify to take the DANB certification examination by graduating from an ADA-accredited dental assisting education program or by having 2 years of full-time, or 4 years of part-time, experience as a dental assistant. In addition, applicants must have current certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. For annual recertification, individuals must earn continuing education credits. Other organizations offer registration, most often at the State level. Dental assistants must be a second pair of hands for a dentist; therefore, dentists look for people who are reliable, work well with others, and have good manual dexterity. Advancement. Without further education, advancement opportunities are limited. Some dental assistants become office managers, dental-assisting instructors, dental product sales representatives, or insurance claims processors for dental insurance companies. Others go back to school to become dental hygienists. For many, this entry-level occupation provides basic training and experience and serves as a steppingstone to more highly skilled and higher paying jobs. Employment [About this section] Back to Top Back to Top Dental assistants held about 280,000 jobs in 2006. Almost all jobs for dental assistants were in offices of dentists. A small number of jobs were in the Federal, State, and local governments or in offices of physicians. About 35 percent of dental assistants worked part time, sometimes in more than one dental office. Job Outlook [About this section] Back to Top Back to Top Employment is expected to increase much faster than average; job prospects are expected to be excellent. Employment change. Employment is expected to grow 29 percent from 2006 to 2016, which is much faster than the average for all occupations. In fact, dental assistants are expected to be among the fastest growing occupations over the 2006-16 projection period. Population growth, greater retention of natural teeth by middle-aged and older people, and an increased focus on preventative dental care for younger generations will fuel demand for dental services. Older dentists, who have been less likely to employ assistants or have employed fewer, are leaving the occupation and will be replaced by recent graduates, who are more likely to use one or more assistants. In addition, as dentists’ workloads increase, they are expected to hire more assistants to perform routine tasks, so that they may devote their own time to more complex procedures. Job prospects. Job prospects for dental assistants should be excellent. In addition to job openings due to employment growth, numerous job openings will arise out of the need to replace assistants who transfer to other occupations, retire, or leave for other reasons. Many opportunities for entry-level positions offer on-the-job training, but some dentists prefer to hire experienced assistants or those who have completed a dental-assisting program. How to cite Becomin a Dentist Assistant, Papers

Masaccio Innovator Of Perspective And Illusion Essay Example For Students

Masaccio Innovator Of Perspective And Illusion Essay Considered the greatest Florentine painter of the early 1400s, Masaccio is one of the most important figures of Western Art. Tommaso di ser Giovanni Cassai di Simon Guidi was born in 1401 and nicknamed Masaccio Careless Tom because of his attitude. He was apathetic to things like personal appearance and worldly materials, and was thus careless with his possessions. As a child, he concentrated more on his art instead of himself and what others thought about him. He moved from Castel S. Giovanni di Altura to Florence in 1417 to become a pupil of Masolino di Panicale. There, he helped upon innovations of art. In 1422 and 1424, he enrolled in the guild of St. Luke of Florentine Painters. After becoming jaded at the medieval art, Masaccio wanted to make art more realistic and true to life. He constantly studied the idea of perspective in an effort to make his paintings appear natural. Few paintings can be undoubtedly credited to Masaccio, but these are considered masterpieces nonetheless. His greatest work was done on the frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence. These frescoes were started by Masolino and ultimately completed by Fillipinno Lippi years after Masaccios death. This chapel is now a significant monument in the history of art. These frescoes had a tremendous impact on Florentine art thereof, and were used as a basis to teach new artists like Michelangelo and Raphael. It is on these walls that Masaccio created -Expulsion from Eden and The Tribute Money, and many others with Biblical subjects. Probably his most famous, The Tribute Money, gives a superb example of linear perspective, atmospheric perspective, the separation of lines, and the classic color theory. Linear perspective is a mathematical system of fixing objects on a plane of a two dimensional surface. This also involves orthogonals, imaginary lines receding into the distance, horizon line, the horizontal line at the viewers eye level, and vanishing point, where the orthogonals come together. Atmospheric perspective is slightly different. It creates the illusion of depth through methods like color saturation, brightness angle, and texture angle. The classic color theory is another way of emphasizing space in the painting. The theory says that warm colors appear to advance while cool colors recede. This is why Masaccio painted red and orange-clothed figures with a blue and gray background in The Tribute Money. Painters including Masaccio developed the separation of planes in the 14th century. It is the technique of overlapping planes to create depth by using a foreground, middleground, and background. Perhaps the most mysterious thing about Masaccio is his death. Leaving the chapel unfinished, he left for Rome and died and the young age of twenty seven in 1428. It is speculated that he was poisoned, but there are no certain records of this. He was buried at the church of the Carmine in 1443. His friend, Brunelleschi was very troubled after hearing about this because Masaccio had given him many tips in perspective and architecture. Notwithstanding his early death, Masaccios creations would still be looked upon as a paragon of illusion for years to come. -Sometimes referred to as the forerunner of Michelangelo, Masaccio was, with Donatello and Brunelleschi, one of the founders of the Florentine Renaissance,- according to Encyclopedia of the Renaissance. Masaccio is essentially remembered because of his imaginative use of perspective, and this originality will place him in the same stratum as Giotto and Michelangelo.